Chronology
The Arc of Revelation
Twenty-three years. Two cities. A slow-turning constellation of words descending onto a life.
First Revelation
Cave of Hira
Iqra — the first word. Angel Jibrīl embraces the Prophet ﷺ and reveals the opening verses of Sūrah al-ʿAlaq.
Public Preaching Begins
Mount Ṣafā
After three years of private call, the Prophet ﷺ ascends al-Ṣafā and warns his people publicly.
First Migration to Abyssinia
Refuge with the Negus
A small group of believers cross the sea, seeking justice under the Christian king al-Najāshī.
The Boycott of Banū Hāshim
Three years of hunger
Quraysh confines the Prophet's clan in a valley — no trade, no marriage, no mercy.
Year of Sorrow
Loss of Khadījah & Abū Ṭālib
Within one year the Prophet ﷺ loses his beloved wife and his protecting uncle. The night grows darker.
Isrāʾ & Miʿrāj
The Night Journey
Carried by night from Makkah to Jerusalem, then ascending through the heavens — the ṣalāh is prescribed.
The Hijra
From Makkah to Yathrib
The migration that begins the Islamic calendar. Yathrib becomes al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah — the illuminated city.
Battle of Badr
The day of distinction
313 believers face over 1000 Quraysh. Angels descend. The scales of history tip.
Battle of Uḥud
A lesson in patience
A near-victory turned trial when the archers descend from the hill. Wounds and reflection.
Battle of the Trench
Al-Aḥzāb — the confederates
A trench dug around Madīnah repels a coalition of tribes. The wind of Allah scatters them.
Treaty of Ḥudaybiyyah
A defeat that was a victory
"Indeed We have granted you a clear victory." What looked like compromise opened the doors of dawah.
Conquest of Makkah
Return without vengeance
The city that expelled him welcomes him. He forgives. The idols fall. "Truth has come and falsehood has vanished."
The Farewell Sermon
Mount ʿArafāt
"This day I have perfected for you your religion." The final ḥajj, the final counsel to humanity.
The Final Verses
Return to the Companion
The Prophet ﷺ returns to his Lord. The revelation is complete — 23 years, one Book, an unbroken chain.